Abstract:

GIS is one of the important sciences in these years. This highlights the importance of spatial factor in decision making in real estate. The purpose of this study is to use GIS to find house to rent simply by applying inquires and to find satisfaction locations. This study focuses on the rent prices in Abu-Dhabi Island. By using web-page browsing, it will help to choose a house that has the biggest weight and ranked the entire selections form most likely match to lowest match. So the user can see the report and select the optimal case that matches their needs. A list of selected range price will be shown to the user to select. A map with colored symbols according to the prices will be generated, and also it shows the targeted buildings that match the user needs. Then the user can choose and judge for the most advantageous case for them. The user can search by price, buildings name, apartment size and number of rooms. This project is one of the GIS applications that could help people in searching for new apartment to live in. For other people such as brokers, they could promote their buildings in the system.

ABSTRACT
Housing in Potsdam varies from flats in redeveloped prefabricated high-rise buildings to apartments in historical townhouses to condominiums in Germany’s first gated community. Increasing demographic development and a stagnant public housing sector generate potential for spatial conflicts. For the time being in-depth GIS-based spatial analysis of the housing market lacks. This article analyses spatial trends and distribution patterns of the Potsdam housing market, using geostatistical methods implemented in free opensource geographic information systems (FOS GIS). To assemble a spatially differentiated picture of the housing market, methods such as spatial interpolation techniques and spatial declustering are applied. The analysis presented here is based on a representative sample of recent housing market data from 2009. The study provides a basis for discussion of a generic approach to housing market analysis based on free opensource geoinformation systems.

ABSTRACT
Sebinkarahisar Township which has been selected as study area is located between Black Sea and Central Anatolian Regions. Not only geological characters but also social life in the township had been affected by these two regions. History of the settlements goes back to early Hittite period. Even it was a province in the first years of Turkish Republic, today it is a township belongs to Giresun province. Landslide is one of the most effective natural disasters in the region. Due to wrong decisions of local authorities caused lots of damage, during the last two decades. Firmly some part of the city, which has the highest landslide risk, is prohibited for new settlement, and some studies (still at beginning level) had been carried out.

Abstract
Tuberculosis is one of the most contagious diseases. Although it has been present for over 5000 years, it is still one of the most significant public health problems. Tuberculosis is defined as a disease caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its incidence has increased and decreased over time, but it has always been a constant threat to public health. In the 1940’s some medicines were discovered to treat tuberculosis, so it slowly began to decrease. But then countries let their guard down, tuberculosis was neglected and so cases increased.

Understanding spatial relationships between determinants and outcomes of health care is important as the concept of population-based health care gains acceptance. A wide range of tools for understanding these spatial relationships is available to the family medicine researcher through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The power of GIS lies in its ability to display the spatial distribution of a health related predictor or outcome. These maps can then be used to either generate or test hypotheses that would not have otherwise occurred to the investigator without visualizing the spatial relationships. The type of GIS application used is dependent on the type of data the researcher has and the research question. The three most common types of data are point or event data, lattice data, and geostatistical data.

ABSTRACT
Forest fires are an important environmental concern worldwide, since they are the main source of land cover transformation in Tropical areas, and severely affect temperate forest, by transforming land protection factors, modifying biodiversity and the hydrological cycle and increasing soil erosion. Several attempts to assess fire danger conditions have been undertaken in the last years for different spatial and temporal scales. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and satellite data are becoming more common in those attempts, since they provide a spatial comprehensive view of some fire danger factors.

Abstract
The buffering technique in the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to estimate the land area of a fadama for inland farming. The investigation was carried out in Akure (7°15´N, 5°15´E) in May 2008. The Ikonos satellite image of the five hundred hectare land area at 4 m  resolution was georeferenced using ArcView 3.3 GIS software to make locations on the image align to positions on the earth’s surface. A submap of the image that contained a perennial stream was generated and the stream buffered at a distance of 100 m away from the stream on all sides. The buffered zone depicting the fadama land was polygonized and the total area computed as 34.19 hectares and locations for soil studies in the buffered zone identified on the map. The field work entailed locating on the ground with the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver the points for soil studies already identified on the digital map. Soil samples were taken from the surface (0-30 cm) and subsoil (30-100 cm) for laboratory analysis of soil physical and chemical properties.

Abstract
The potential of land for agronomy and horticulture use is determined by an evaluation of biophysical variables. The climate, soil and geomorphologic environmental components are important agro-ecological variables. Evaluation of biophysical variables is usually a first step in land use analysis. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to identify suitable areas for rapeseed crop production in Isfahan and Chahar Mahaal va Bakhtiari provinces, Iran. Relevant environment components such as climate (precipitation, temperature, humidity, etc.), soil (chemical and physical characteristics including texture, gravel percentage, pH, EC, soil depth, etc.), agronomic management (sowing method and date, soil fertilization, irrigation, weed and pest control, etc.) and topography (DEM) at different spatial and temporal resolutions were considered.

GIS as a Planning Support System for the Planning of Harmonious Cities
It has long been the desire of human beings to be harmonious with the physica environment, society and inner self. In China, the earliest harmonious concept is yin-yang which originates from the Book of Change (I-ching), a Chinese book often associated with fortune-telling and Taosim. It can be dated back 3,000 years to the transition period between the Yin (1600-11 00 B.C.) and Chou dynasties (11 22-256 B.C.). Yin represents softness (weak, submissive) and yang represents strength (strong, dominant). While being opposite, they work in harmony. The balance of yin and yang is needed to create a harmonious system. Yin-yang is often applied to Chinese medicine in which the balance of the yin and yang will lead to good health. When applied to cities, yin can represent the natural environment and yang the urban development. The balance between urban development and the natural environment will lead to sustainable cities.

Abstract. Accurate information about organic/mineral soil occurrence is a prerequisite for many land resources management applications (including climate change mitigation). This paper aims at investigating the potential of using geomorphometrical analysis and decision tree modeling to predict the geographic distribution of hydromorphic organic landscapes in unsampled area in Denmark. Nine primary (elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, tangent curvature, flow direction, flow accumulation, and specific catchment area) and one secondary (steady-state topographic wetness index) topographic parameters were generated from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) acquired using airborne LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) systems.

Power to the people
January was an important month for GIS Development. We came out with our 150th issue and we held our flagship event, Map India 2010. The theme of the event was “Defining a Geospatial Vision for India”. With 1200 plus delegates, 28 countries and 41 exhibitors, clearly the vision was full of promise; and why not? While on the one hand Joseph Stiglitz calls for another round of stimuli for the economy of the developed world, on the other hand India shows a seven percent growth amongst all the gloom and doom. President Obama declares that India will not wait and to protect American jobs he promises to withdraw tax reliefs to companies who take jobs out of America. All these are part of this vision which shows India’s strong growth.

Abstract:

The procedure of processing and utilising the soil information entering the SOTER system is tested on the pilot area of the Litoměřice district. The reliability of the archive data is examined, the archive data being updated by a new soil survey, modern (geo)statistical methods, and pedotransfer rules. Using the SOTER methodology, a soil map of the district with the scale of 1:50 000 has been developed. Proposals for the adjustments to the currently valid soil classification system are processed.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Fernerkundungsdaten aus dem optischen und dem Mikrowellenbereich wurden hinsichtlich der Klassifizierung von Landnutzung und –degradation sowie der Siedlungserkennung ausgewertet, um damit einen flächenhaften und aktuellen Beitrag zu wasserwirtschaftlichen Problemen im südlichen Afrika zu  leisten. Neben der Entwicklung eines GIS-basierten Decision Support Systems unter Berücksichtigung von Wasserangebot, -qualität, -bedarf und - zuteilung der unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen stand dabei die Simulation von Wasser- und Stoffflüssen unter Verwendung von physikalisch basierten Modellen mit Fernerkundungsinput im Vordergrund. Das Resultat, ein integriertes System zur nachhaltigen Wasserbewirtschaftung, ist ein innovatives computerbasiertes System, bestehend aus getesteten, validierten und dokumentierten Prozeduren, die die oben genannten Technologien umfassen.

Geospatial industry is firmly rooted in Middle East. Political will, abundant resources, high degree of awareness and aspiration to excel have made governments in the region to invest in latest applications, making it a fertile  ground for geospatial technologies.

One of the enduring impressions of any visit to the Middle East (ME) is the ‘forest’ of tower cranes. Building activity seems to be never ending in this part of the world. There is another activity, equally vigorous though not as visible and that is the building up of spatial data infrastructures in the states that make up the GCC. Beginning with Qatar, the efforts have spread to all the states and significant progress has been made. As Zul Jiwani points out, the necessary ingredients for this success are a patron, a field clear of the baggage of legacy, a receptive clientele and adequate financial resources. Understanding the user needs and catering to a variety of users from security agencies to the public drives many of these efforts. Each agency has its own way of meeting its user needs. As systems mature, so do users and the needs grow.

WELCOME TO THIS TUTORIAL, a training manual for learning the role of Remote Sensing - that aspect of space science and technology that relies mainly on sensors on satellites and mounted in telescopes to monitor Earth, other planetary bodies and distant stars and galaxies. (It also serves to review the so-called space programs [U.S. and international] in general and the history of space exploration in particular.) Observing the Earth will be the main focus of the Tutorial as this has the most obvious payoff for mankind. But while reaching to the edge of the Solar System and ultimately much farther out to the edge of the Universe seems mostly “academic”, we shall try to demonstrate why, in the long run, those extraterrestrial endeavors that depend on remote sensing may make the greatest contributions to useful knowledge of value to humankind’s future.

INTRODUCTION
This project is a demonstration of how to analyze climate projections from a Global Climate Model (GCM) in a Geographic Information System (GIS). This demonstration projects uses climate datasets generated by the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) for the IPCC 4th Assessment Report and distributed through the NCAR GIS Initiative Climate Change Scenarios portal in a GIS format. In this demonstration, we compare model output of a present day climate with future climate projections. Many atmospheric and land variables are available from the CCSM and the GIS Climate Change portal. Here, we demonstrate GIS-based analysis of the Northern hemisphere summer months’ temperature anomaly in 2030 with respect to the average summer temperatures of present-day climate. The demonstration is performed using ESRI ArcGIS software with an ArcInfo license.

1 EINLEITUNG
Aufgrund der rasanten technologischen Entwicklung der letzten Jahren, erlebten die Methoden der  Bildverarbeitung tiefgreifende Veränderungen, die sich auf die Art der Problemlösungen in der Fernerkundung auswirkten. (Ehlers, 1995) sieht die rasante Hardware- und Software-Entwicklung im GIS-Bereich (Geographische-Informations Systeme), die wachsende Verfügbarkeit an hochauflösenden Sensordaten und die Fortschritte in der Automation auf dem Feld der Bildanalyse als die bedeutensten Ursachen an. DenWissenschaftlern der Gegenwart stellt sich das Problem der anwachsenden Datenmengen, ihrer Kombination und der Auswahl des besten Datentypes zur L¨osung eines bestimmten Problems. Die Annahme, daß die Fernerkundung allein alle Probleme l¨osen kann ist falsch, denn zur Auswertung dieser Daten sind zusätzliche Informationen undWissen über die Natur der Objekte und ihrer Umwelt notwendig.

GIS in Geowissenschaften und Umwelt

Die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten eines Geographischen Informationssystems - kurz GIS - werden in diesem Buch anhand von konkreten Projekten aus der umweltrelevanten geowissenschaftlichen Praxis aufgezeigt. Die Themen kommen aus der Raumplanung, der Deponiestandortfindung, der Altlastenproblematik, der Küstenforschung, der Untersuchung von Schadstoffeinträgen in den Boden sowie am Beispiel eines Umweltinformationssystems aus der kommunalen Praxis. Anschaulich und praxisnah werden die Vorteile eines GIS bei den verschiedensten Aufgabenstellungen beschrieben, ohne dabei Problempunkte und noch vorhandene Defizite zu verschweigen. Anhand zahlreicher Farbabbildungen werden die Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten, die ein GIS bietet, eindrucksvoll dargestellt.

Thinking About GIS

Describes how to implement a successful geographic information system.

Proper use from water resources, especially in arid and semi arid of Iranian rangeland are very important. In this area water is one of a valuable ecosystem component. The study was conducted in Ghareh Aghach watershed region is located, Isfahan province, in central part of Iran. Four criteria’s of water quality, water quantity, water distance and livestock information were integrated to water resources suitability for goats grazing. According to the results, water distance and accessibility to water is a most declining factor for suitability. A quality and quantity factor is a no limiting factor in part of study area. The results show that from 7158.69 ha of studied rangelands, 6245.93 ha (87.25%) classified as S1 class (with no limitation), 810.58 ha (11.32%) classified as S2 class (with low limitation), and 102.3 ha (1.43%) classified as N class (non suitable). Based up on slope classes, areas that far from water point more than 75% of slope is not suitable and less than 15% are very suitable. Good distribution of water resources increases water suitability and cause better and monotonous utilization of rangeland.